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0. B. SWICKYARD.

TOOL. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12. I919- '1,3-20,103. Patented Ogt.28,1919.

DAN B.-SWICK.ARD, OF GALVA, ILLINOIS.

TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 28, 1919.

Application filed March 12, 1919. Serial No. 282,182.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAN B. SWioKARD, citizen of the United States,residing at Galva, in the county of Henry and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Tools; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a tool readily adapted for use as a pliers, anordinary wrench, or as a pipe wrench.

It has for its object to provide a tool so constructed that as a pliersit is ordinarily or normally free foruse as such, but when to beemployed as a wrench for any purpose whatever can be convertedimmediately with that end in view.

That my invention may be thoroughly and readily understood I haveprovided the accompanying drawing showing an embodiment thereof, itbeing understood that the tool is susceptible of changes withoutdeparting from the spirit and intent of the invention.

Figure 1 is a'side elevation of my improved tool showing its use as apliers, and

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing its adjustment When used as a wrench.

The tool comprises two main members one of which includes a handle 1 anda jaw 2. The other member likewise comprises a handle 3 and a j aw 4,said members being crossed upon one another in the usual man ner of apliers.

5 and 6 indicate a pair of links which inclose parts of the jaws 2 and4, Fig. 2'.

7 is a pivot member extending through the jaws and said links, therebeing a slot 8 in the member 3, 4 within which the said pivot member 7is adapted to play permitting the jaws to have a slidable movement uponone another.

9 is a pivot member extending through the described links and the jaw 2serving to permit the latter and said links to pivot relatively.

Preferably one of the links has an extension 10 provided with a notch11, and the member 3, 4 has a similar notch 12. These when brought intoregister serve and act as a cutting means for Wire, nails or the like.

The said links 5 and 6 are extended beyond the jaw 2, and between themis held by means of a pin 14, a thread-bar 15 which is slidable endwisewithin a yoke or keeper 16 extending from and secured in any suitable.manner to the handle 3.

17 is a nut adjustable upon the threadbar 15 free to be moved to anyposition between the said yoke or keeper and the extensions of the saidlinks where said threadbar is attached.

In bringing out my invention it is my purpose, as already intimated, tofurnish a tool of the nature described that is always free to be used asa pliers but convertible as required. That is to say, since a pliers isneeded for a great many purposes and, moreover, is required much moreoften in that form than as a wrench it is my design that the tool shallalways be free for this especial use and that it will be in no waylimited in its opening and closing movement.

In order that this may be permitted the nut 17 is free to be run alongthe threadbar 15 entirely free of the influence of the other parts. Inthe position of said nut shown in Fig. 1 it is observed that said nuthas been moved close up to the pivoted end of the thread-bar and thatthe members having the jaws maybe opened as widely as desired since theyoke or keeper 16 is free to approach said pivoted end of thethreadb-ar, the latter at this time being wholly free to move in thedirection of its length through said yoke, without respect to said nut,in the pivotal action of the jaws "2, 4 relatively.

This free action of the described parts, therefore, permits the tool tobe freely used as a pliers as will be readily understood.

If, however, a pipe or a nut is to be engaged, the nut 17 is turned uponthe threadbar to carry it against the yoke or keeper 16 as shown in Fig.2. Now, it is obvious that in the use of a pliers the hand of the useris not strong enough, nor is the purchase great enough, with the limitedlength of the handle portions, to start a nut or turn a pipe especiallywhen the threads thereof may have become rusted. That is to say, in thecase of a nut, for example, an attempt to turn it will force the jawsopen, the hand of the user being unable to prevent such opening. But byadjusting the nut 17 as described so that it lies against the yoke 01'keeper 16 the jaws cannot separate but are locked in the requiredposition for the reason that the links 5 and 6, through the said nut 17and yoke 16 are held rigid with respect to the member 3 and its jaw 4,so far as any movement of the thread-bar and the said nut 17 in thedirection of the said yoke is concerned. Now, in attempting to turn thenut the pressure thereof against the jaw 2 will necessarily result inmoving that member upon the pivot member 9 carrying said jaw to aposition where the pivot member 7 will lie at the upper end of the slot8, Fig. 2, the parts forming a complete rigid lock for the jaws againstmovement relatively.

By means of the nut 17 the jaws may be set a definite distance apart sothat in the case of a pipe to be turned the jaws may have just the rightbite to properly turn it without danger of crushing it no matter howlight may be the stock of which the pipe is made. Used as an ordinarypipe wrench with the described adjustment the tool is operated in thesame way, of course, as any wrench of that type, 2'. 0., moved withrespect to the work by alternately gripping and releasing the same.

I claim:

1. A tool of the nature described including in its construction a pairof pivotally connected jaws and their handle portions, a thread-barpivoted to a part extending from one of the jaws, a yoke extending fromthe handle portion of the other jaw, to which the thread-bar extends,and a nut adjustable on the thread-bar between the yoke and the pivotedend of said threadbar.

2. A tool of the nature described including in its construction a pairof pivotally connected jaws and their handle portions, a link to whicheach jaw is pivoted, a thread-bar connected to said link, a part carriedon one of the handle portions, and a nut on the thrcad-bar adjustablebetween said part and said link.

3. A tool of the nature described including in its construction a pairof pivotally connected jaws and their handle portions, a link pivotallyconnected at the pivot of the jaws and extending to and having pivotalconnection with one of the jaws, a thread bar connected to said link, apart carried by the handle portion of the other of the jaws, and a nutadjustable upon the threadbar between the said part and said link.

4. A tool comprising a pair of members each including a handle and jawcrossed upon one another, a pair of links inclosing the jaws and pivotedto each including an extension projecting laterally from one of thejaws, a thread-bar connected to said extension, a yoke or keeperextending "from the member of the other jaw into which the thread-barextends, and a nut on the threadbar free to be adjusted along the samebetween the yoke and the said extension.

5. A tool comprising a pair of members each including a handle portionand a jaw crossed upon one another, a pair of links including two pivotmembers one of them extending through one of the members, the otherextending through both said members, said links including an extensionprojecting from the jaw of one of the members, a yoke or keeperextendingfrom the other member, a thread-bar pivoted to the extension and free tomove in the direction or" its length through the said yoke or keeper,and a nut carried by the thread-bar free to be adjusted alongthe samebetween the yoke and said extension.

6. A tool comprising a pair 'of members each including a handle and ajaw crossed upon one another forming a pliers, a pair of links, apivoting member extending through the links and both the jaws at theirbases, a second pivoting member extending through said links and one ofthe jaws at a point between the first named pivoting member and thepoint of said jaw, said links having an extension projecting from saidjaw, a thread-bar connected to said extension, a yoke extending from oneof the members through which the thread-bar is free to play in theopening and closing movements of the jaws, and a nut adjustable on saidthread-bar between the yoke and the said extension.

In testimonywhereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DAN B. SWIGKARD.

WVitnesses H. F. REED, A. E. ANDERSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. v

